Florida Biology EOC Practice Test 2025 - Free Biology End-of-Course Practice Questions and Study Guide

Question: 1 / 400

Which enzyme bonds to the DNA molecule to initiate transcription?

DNA polymerase

Helicase

Ligase

RNA polymerase

The enzyme that bonds to the DNA molecule to initiate transcription is RNA polymerase. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the first step of gene expression, where it binds to a specific region of the DNA at the promoter site. Once attached, RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA strands and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand based on the DNA template. This process is essential for transferring the genetic information from DNA to RNA, which is then used to produce proteins.

In contrast, DNA polymerase is primarily involved in DNA replication, helicase functions to unwind the DNA double helix during both replication and transcription, and ligase is responsible for joining together DNA fragments during replication and repair. Each of these enzymes has a specific role within cellular processes, but only RNA polymerase is directly responsible for initiating transcription.

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