Florida Biology EOC Practice Test 2026 - Free Biology End-of-Course Practice Questions and Study Guide

The four main macromolecules essential for life are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each of these macromolecules plays a critical role in biological processes.

Carbohydrates are primary sources of energy for cells and also serve as structural components in plants, such as cellulose in cell walls. They include sugars and starches, which can be quickly utilized or stored for energy.

Lipids, which include fats and oils, are important for long-term energy storage, insulation, and making up cellular membranes. They play crucial roles in cellular signaling and provide cushioning for organs.

Proteins are vital for nearly every biological function and are made up of amino acids. They serve as enzymes, hormones, and structural components, among other functions, and are essential for growth and repair in living organisms.

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information. They guide the synthesis of proteins and are crucial for cell replication and function.

The other options include incorrect combinations or focus on components that are either not macromolecules or are subsets of one of the main four. For instance, vitamins, amino acids, enzymes, and fibers are important for life but do not encompass all the major macromolecular